“Relative to their sisters,” Autor and his collaborators wrote, “boys born to disadvantaged families” — with disadvantage measured here by mother’s marital status

“Relative to their sisters,” Autor and his collaborators wrote, “boys born to disadvantaged families” — with disadvantage measured here by mother’s marital status
and education — “have higher rates of disciplinary problems, lower achievement scores, and fewer high-school completions.”
When the children in the study reached early adulthood, the same pattern emerged in employment:
Employment rates of young women are nearly invariant to family marital status, while the employment rates of young adult
men from non-married families are eight to ten percentage points below those from married families at all income levels.
A study by the Dallas Federal Reserve published in 2014, “Middle-Skill Jobs Lost in U. S. Labor Market Polarization,” found that:
While women were hit much harder than men by the disappearance of middle-skill jobs,
the majority of women managed to upgrade their skills and find better-paying jobs.
When a child is 18 to 24 months old, fathers play a crucial role, Schore writes, pointing to
the male infant’s attachment transactions with the father in the second year, when he is critically involved in not only androgen-controlled rough-and-tumble play
but in facilitating the male (and female) toddler’s aggression regulation.